Long Reads

Longer explainers,
fewer dead ends.

Deeper how-tos, history, and tech explainers from the Make Tech Easier editorial team. Pieces here get extra research and review.

Mobile

When Cingular chief Stan Sigman backed the original iPhone before its 2007 unveiling, he accepted terms American carriers usually refused: no logo on the device, no control over its software, no preloaded apps, and a share of monthly subscriber revenue flowing back to Apple, after signing on without seeing a prototype

Cingular signed on to sell the original iPhone before its executives had seen a working prototype, then gave Apple the kind of control American wireless carriers had spent years refusing to handset makers.

Tech Explained

Every year, roughly two billion new smartphones, laptops, and tablets ship with a key arrangement designed in the 1870s to prevent slender metal arms from colliding inside a machine that has been obsolete for decades, a piece of 19th-century mechanical engineering quietly embedded in the muscle memory of about five billion people.

Christopher Latham Sholes patented the layout that now sits under the thumbs of nearly every smartphone owner on Earth in 1878…

Tech Explained

Tristan Harris, Google's former design ethicist, told the US Senate that the pull-to-refresh gesture on nearly every app works like the lever of a Las Vegas slot machine, and he has long warned that we now reach for our phones around 150 times a day without ever calling it gambling

Tristan Harris sat in front of the US Senate Commerce Committee and told a room of senators that the small downward tug people make on Instagram, Twitter, and Gmail every few minutes was not an accident of interface design.

News

Otto von Bismarck was 74 when Germany adopted the world’s first national old-age social insurance program in 1889, setting the pension age at 70 after years of fighting socialists with bans, laws, and a promise few workers would live long enough to use

Otto von Bismarck was 74 when Germany adopted the world’s first national old-age social insurance program in 1889, and the age written into the system was older still: 70. That number was not a warm Victorian gesture toward rest.

News

When cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov stepped out of his Soyuz capsule in March 1995 after 437 consecutive days aboard Mir, doctors recorded him at several centimetres above his pre-flight height, and his spine had become so unaccustomed to gravity that the recovery team carried him to a chair rather than risk the compression of letting him walk.

When cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov climbed out of his Soyuz capsule on the Kazakh steppe in March 1995, after more than a year aboard the Mir space station, he did something the recovery crew did not expect.

News

When Harvard astronomer Cecilia Payne submitted her 1925 doctoral thesis arguing that the Sun was made almost entirely of hydrogen, the field's senior figure Henry Norris Russell talked her into adding a line calling the result 'almost certainly not real,' and then published the same conclusion himself four years later to widespread acclaim.

In 1925, a British graduate student at Harvard named Cecilia Payne handed in a doctoral thesis that quietly upended astronomy.